Spanish Accents & Spelling: the little marks that keep tripping you

Four lessons on diacritic accents, common misspellings, stress rules and qué vs. que, backed by an AI tutor that grades your written Spanish accent by accent.

Quick answer. A Spanish word needs a written accent when its stress breaks the default rule. Words ending in a vowel, n or s are stressed on the second-to-last syllable (casa, hablan, martes) and words ending in any other consonant on the last (hablar, ciudad); if the stress falls anywhere else, you write the accent (café, canción, fácil, música). A few short words also carry an accent just to tell two meanings apart: sí (yes) and si (if), tú (you) and tu (your).
Spanish accent rules at a glance
Word typeRuleExamples
Stress on the last syllable (aguda)Accent only if it ends in a vowel, n or scafé, canción, inglés; but hablar, ciudad
Stress on the second-to-last (llana or grave)Accent only if it ends in a consonant other than n or sfácil, lápiz, árbol; but casa, examen
Stress on the third-to-last (esdrújula)Always an accentmúsica, sábado, teléfono
Stressed i or u next to another vowelAlways an accentdía, país, frío
Question and exclamation wordsAccent¿qué?, ¿cómo?, ¿dónde?, ¡qué bonito!
Pairs spelled the sameAccent on one to tell them apartsí / si, tú / tu, él / el, más / mas
Other one-syllable wordsNo accentfue, dio, vio, fe

Accent marks in Spanish are not decoration. Some distinguish two otherwise identical words: sí (yes) and si (if), tú (you) and tu (your), él (he) and el (the), qué as a question word and que as "that". Others tell you which syllable to stress, which is why hablo (I speak) and habló (he spoke) are different tenses with different subjects. The rules for where the stress falls are among the most consistent in the language, and once you know them you can predict the accent on words you have never seen.

Learners drop accents because they seem optional (you are usually still understood) and because typing them is a nuisance. The cost shows up later: written Spanish that reads as careless, tenses that get misread, and a cluster of related spelling errors (b/v, h, ll/y, c/s/z) that Latin American pronunciation gives no clue about because the letters sound identical. A short set of rules and a habit of checking are all it takes, but the habit needs feedback.

Juntos gives that feedback on every message. The AI tutor scores your writing 0–100 and shows the corrected spelling, and sí vs. si, missing opening ¿ and spelling/accent are among the patterns detected automatically and tracked in your Error Bank. The four lessons here cover the diacritic pairs, the most common misspellings, the stress rules (agudas, graves, esdrújulas) and the question-word accents, and spaced-repetition reviews bring back exactly the words you keep getting wrong.

Does it have an accent? 30 words learners ask about

The quick answers, with the reason. Every one follows from the stress rule in lesson 1, apart from the pairs where the accent only tells two words apart.

WordAccent?Why
eresNostress on E-res, ends in s
estásYesstress on the last syllable, ends in s
está / estaBothestá = is; esta = this
estamosNoes-TA-mos, ends in s
tambiénYesstress on the last syllable, ends in n
aquíYesstress on the final vowel
despuésYesstress on the last syllable, ends in s
adiósYesstress on the last syllable, ends in s
graciasNoGRA-cias, ends in s
holaNoHO-la, ends in a vowel
qué / queBothqué asks (what?); que links (that)
cómo / comoBothcómo asks (how?); como compares or means I eat
dóndeYes, in questions¿dónde? asks where; donde (no accent) in a relative clause
por qué / porqueBothpor qué = why; porque = because
más / masBothmás = more; mas = but (rare)
tú / tuBothtú = you; tu = your
sí / siBothsí = yes; si = if
él / elBothél = he; el = the
mí / miBothmí = me (after a preposition); mi = my
sé / seBothsé = I know; se = the pronoun
soloNono accent since the 2010 rules, even when it means only
esteNothis: no accent, ever
fácilYesFÁ-cil, ends in l, stress not on the last syllable
inglésYesstress on the last syllable, ends in s
examen / exámenesPlural onlyadding -es moves the stress back: e-XÁ-me-nes
canción / cancionesSingular onlythe plural's stress lands where it's expected
sábadoYesstress on the third-to-last syllable: always marked
miércolesYesstress on the third-to-last syllable: always marked
papá / papaBothpapá = dad; papa = potato (and the Pope)
caféYesstress on the last syllable, ends in a vowel

Not sure about a word in a whole sentence? Paste it into the free Spanish grammar and spell checker: it flags missing accents and the ones that change the meaning.

What's in this course

  1. Diacritic accents that change meaning, sí/si, tú/tu, él/el, más/mas
  2. Common misspellings, Words you've slipped on
  3. Where the stress falls, The 3 rules that explain every accent mark
  4. qué vs que, dónde vs donde, Question words and their plain twins

Each lesson below is the same material used inside the Juntos app, with two of its exercises to try. In the app every lesson has the full exercise set, and the AI tutor grades your conversation practice against what you have learned.

Lesson 1: Diacritic accents that change meaning

sí/si, tú/tu, él/el, más/mas

One mark, totally different word ✍️

Some tiny words change meaning entirely with an accent. These are worth memorising:

with accentwithout
sí = yessi = if
tú = youtu = your
él = heel = the
más = moremas = but (rare)
mí = memi = my
qué/cómo/dónde = question wordsque/como/donde = that/as/where
A common slip: "si, hace calor" → "sí, hace calor" (yes) and "y tu?" → "¿y tú?" (you).

Try it

___, me gusta mucho. (= Yes, I like it a lot)

Yes, I like it a lot.

  1. Si
  2. Sí
Show answer

Sí · 'Yes' → sí (with accent).

¿De dónde eres ___? (= …are you?)

Where are you from?

  1. tu
  2. tú
Show answer

tú · 'You' (the pronoun) → tú with accent.

Lesson 2: Common misspellings

Words you've slipped on

Your personal spelling list 📝

Straight from your practice, lock these in:

you wrotecorrect
quesieraquisiera (I would like)
despuesdespués (after)
aquiaquí (here)
tambientambién (also)
llejoslejos (far)
nobrenombre (name)
parrapara (for), 'parra' = grapevine!

Tip: words ending in a stressed vowel (aquí, café, después) usually take an accent on that final vowel.

Try it

Correct the spelling: 'despues' →

after

Show answer

después · después, accent on the é.

Correct the spelling: 'aqui' →

here

Show answer

aquí · aquí, accent on the í.

Lesson 3: Where the stress falls

The 3 rules that explain every accent mark

Accents aren't random 🎯

Every Spanish word has one stressed syllable. The written accent only appears when the word breaks the default rules:

  • Ends in vowel, n, s → stress the second-to-last syllable: ha-BLA-mos, JO-ven. No mark needed.
  • Ends in any other consonant → stress the last: co-MER, ciu-DAD. No mark needed.
  • Breaks the rule? → write the accent where the stress really is: ca-FÉ, ÁR-bol, MÉ-xi-co, des-PUÉS.
That's why está needs the accent (stress on -tá breaks rule 1) but esta (this) doesn't. Small mark, real information.

Try it

Why does 'café' carry an accent?

  1. Decoration from French
  2. Ends in a vowel but stressed on the LAST syllable, breaks the default
  3. All -é words get one
Show answer

Ends in a vowel but stressed on the LAST syllable, breaks the default · Vowel ending would default the stress to CA-fe; the accent flips it to ca-FÉ.

Which word is written correctly?

  1. arbol
  2. árbol
  3. arból
Show answer

árbol · AR-bol ends in a consonant (l) so default stress would be -BOL; it's actually ÁR-bol → accent.

Lesson 4: qué vs que, dónde vs donde

Question words and their plain twins

The interrogation mark 🕵️

Question/exclamation words wear the accent; their plain connector twins don't:

with accent (asking!)without (connecting)
¿Qué quieres? What…?Creo que sí. …that…
¿Dónde está? Where…?la ciudad donde vivo …where…
¿Cómo te llamas? How…?canta como un ángel …like…
¿Cuándo vienes? When…?cuando llegues, llámame …when…
Also in indirect questions: No sé dónde está. (I don't know where it is.) Still asking → still accented.

Try it

No sé ___ está mi mochila.

I don't know where my backpack is.

  1. donde
  2. dónde
Show answer

dónde · An indirect question (still asking where) → dónde.

Este es el café ___ trabajo.

This is the café where I work.

  1. donde
  2. dónde
Show answer

donde · Connector 'where' (no question) → donde, no accent.

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Questions people ask

Does eres have an accent mark?

No. Eres ends in s and the stress falls on the second-to-last syllable (E-res), which is the default for words ending in a vowel, n or s, so no accent is needed.

Does estamos have an accent mark?

No. Es-TA-mos is stressed on the second-to-last syllable and ends in s, so it follows the rule. Compare estábamos (es-TÁ-ba-mos), which does need one.

When does a Spanish word need an accent mark?

When the stress breaks the default rule. Words ending in a vowel, n or s are stressed on the second-to-last syllable; all others on the last. If the stress falls anywhere else, write an accent: café, lápiz, música.

What are diacritic accents in Spanish?

Accents that tell apart two words spelled the same way: sí (yes) and si (if), tú (you) and tu (your), él (he) and el (the), qué (what?) and que (that).

Do capital letters need accent marks in Spanish?

Yes. Capitals keep their accents in correct Spanish: Él vive aquí, ÁREA RESTRINGIDA. Leaving them off is an old typewriter habit, not a rule.

Why does 'día' have an accent?

Because the stress falls on the i, and an accent on i or u next to another vowel splits them into two syllables: dí-a. The same rule explains frío, país, había and todavía.

Why does 'dímelo' have an accent when 'dime' doesn't?

Adding pronouns adds syllables. Di-me is stressed on the second-to-last syllable, the default, so no accent; dí-me-lo is stressed on the third-to-last, which always needs one. Likewise explica becomes explícame and esperando becomes esperándote.

Does 'fue' have an accent?

No. Fue, fui, dio and vio are one-syllable words, and one-syllable words only take an accent to separate a pair like sí and si. Older texts wrote fué and dió, but that spelling is no longer correct.

Aún or aun: which one is right?

Both, with different meanings. Aún with an accent means still or yet (aún no llega); aun without one means even (aun así). If you can swap in todavía, write the accent.